Pasado Perfecto

FORMA

[had + pasado participio]

Ejemplos:

• You had studied English before you moved to New York.
• Had you studied English before you moved to New York?
• You had not studied English before you moved to New York.

USO 1 Acción completa antes de algo en el Pasado

El Pasado Perfecto expresa la idea de que algo ocurre antes que otra acción en el pasado. También puede mostrar que algo paso antes en un tiempo especifico en el pasado

Ejemplos:

• I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.
• I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.
• Tony knew Istanbul so well because he had visited the city several times.
• Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand?
• She only understood the movie because she had read the book.
• Kristine had never been to an opera before last night.
• We were not able to get a hotel room because we had not booked in advance.
• A: Had you ever visited the U.S. before your trip in 2006?
  
  B: Yes, I had been to the U.S. once before.

USO 2 Duración antes de algo en el Pasado (Verbos no continuos)

Con los Verbos No Continuos y algunos usos No continuos de los Verbos mixtos, usamos el pasado perfecto para demostrar que algo comenzo en el pasado y continúo hasta que otra acción en el pasado la detuvo

Ejemplos:

• We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.
• By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in London for over eight years.
• They felt bad about selling the house because they had owned it for more than forty years.

Aunque anteriormente usamos el Pasado Perfecto, normalmente esta limitado a los Vernos No Continuos y algunos usos no Continuos de Verbos mixtos, las palabras "live," "work," "teach," y "study" son usados d esta manera aunque no sean verbos No Continuos

IMPORTANTE Tiempos especificos con Pasado Perfecto

A diferencia del Presente Perfecto, es posible usar palabras de tiempo especifico o frases con el Pasado Perfecto. Aunque es posible, no es necesario usualmente

Ejemplos:

• She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.

ADEMÁS

If the Past Perfect action did occur at a specific time, the Simple Past can be used instead of the Past Perfect when "before" or "after" is used in the sentence. The words "before" and "after" actually tell you what happens first, so the Past Perfect is optional. For this reason, both sentences below are correct.

Si la Acción en Pasado Perfecto ocurrio en un tiempo especifico, el Pasado Simple puede ser usado en lugar del Pasado Perfecto cuando "before" o "after" es usado en la oración. Las palabras "before" y "after" te dicen que es lo que pasa primero, así que el Pasado Perfecto es opcional. Por esta razón, ambas oraciones son correctas

Ejemplos:

• She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.
• She visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.

DE CUALQUIER MANERA

Si el Pasado Perfecto no se refierea una acción en un tiempo especifico, el Pasado Perfecto no es opcional. Compare los ejemplos anteriores. Aquí el Pasado Perfecto se refiere a la falta de experiencia, mas que la acción en un tiempo especifico. Por esta razón, el Pasado simple no puede ser usado

Ejemplos:

• She never saw a bear before she moved to Alaska.Incorrecto
• She had never seen a bear before she moved to Alaska. Correcto

Ejercicio de Pasado Perfecto